Parse date-times with year, month, and day, hour, minute, and second components.

Source: R/parse.r

Transform dates stored as character or numeric vectors to POSIXct objects. ymd_hms family of functions recognize all non-alphanumeric separators (with the exception of "." if frac = TRUE) and correctly handle heterogeneous date-time representations. For more flexibility in treatment of heterogeneous formats, see low level parser parse_date_time().

ymd_hms(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

ymd_hm(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

ymd_h(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

dmy_hms(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

dmy_hm(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

dmy_h(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

mdy_hms(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

mdy_hm(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

mdy_h(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

ydm_hms(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

ydm_hm(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

ydm_h(..., quiet = FALSE, tz = "UTC", locale = Sys.getlocale("LC_TIME"),
  truncated = 0)

Arguments

...

a character vector of dates in year, month, day, hour, minute, second format
quiet

logical. When TRUE function evalueates without displaying customary messages.
tz

a character string that specifies which time zone to parse the date with. The string must be a time zone that is recognized by the user's OS.
locale

locale to be used, see locales. On linux systems you can use system("locale -a") to list all the installed locales.
truncated

integer, indicating how many formats can be missing. See details.

Value

a vector of POSIXct date-time objects

Details

ymd_hms() functions automatically assigns the Universal Coordinated Time Zone (UTC) to the parsed date. This time zone can be changed with force_tz().

The most common type of irregularity in date-time data is the truncation due to rounding or unavailability of the time stamp. If the truncated parameter is non-zero, the ymd_hms functions also check for truncated formats. For example, ymd_hms() with truncated = 3 will also parse incomplete dates like 2012-06-01 12:23, 2012-06-01 12 and 2012-06-01. NOTE: The ymd family of functions are based on strptime() which currently fails to parse %y-%m formats.

In case of heterogeneous date formats ymd_hms() family guesses formats based on a sub-set of the input vector. If the input vector contains many missing values or non-date strings, the sub-set might not contain meaningful dates and the date-time format won't be guessed resulting in "All formats failed to parse" error. In such cases please see parse_date_time() for a more flexible parsing interface.

As of version 1.3.0, lubridate's parse functions no longer return a message that displays which format they used to parse their input. You can change this by setting the lubridate.verbose option to TRUE with options(lubridate.verbose = TRUE).

See also

Examples


x <- c("2010-04-14-04-35-59", "2010-04-01-12-00-00")
ymd_hms(x)
#> [1] "2010-04-14 04:35:59 UTC" "2010-04-01 12:00:00 UTC"
x <- c("2011-12-31 12:59:59", "2010-01-01 12:00:00")
ymd_hms(x)
#> [1] "2011-12-31 12:59:59 UTC" "2010-01-01 12:00:00 UTC"


## ** heterogenuous formats **
x <- c(20100101120101, "2009-01-02 12-01-02", "2009.01.03 12:01:03",
       "2009-1-4 12-1-4",
       "2009-1, 5 12:1, 5",
       "200901-08 1201-08",
       "2009 arbitrary 1 non-decimal 6 chars 12 in between 1 !!! 6",
       "OR collapsed formats: 20090107 120107 (as long as prefixed with zeros)",
       "Automatic wday, Thu, detection, 10-01-10 10:01:10 and p format: AM",
       "Created on 10-01-11 at 10:01:11 PM")
ymd_hms(x)
#>  [1] "2010-01-01 12:01:01 UTC" "2009-01-02 12:01:02 UTC"
#>  [3] "2009-01-03 12:01:03 UTC" "2009-01-04 12:01:04 UTC"
#>  [5] "2009-01-05 12:01:05 UTC" "2009-01-08 12:01:08 UTC"
#>  [7] "2009-01-06 12:01:06 UTC" "2009-01-07 12:01:07 UTC"
#>  [9] "2010-01-10 10:01:10 UTC" "2010-01-11 22:01:11 UTC"

## ** fractional seconds **
op <- options(digits.secs=3)
dmy_hms("20/2/06 11:16:16.683")
#> [1] "2006-02-20 11:16:16.683 UTC"
options(op)

## ** different formats for ISO8601 timezone offset **
ymd_hms(c("2013-01-24 19:39:07.880-0600",
"2013-01-24 19:39:07.880", "2013-01-24 19:39:07.880-06:00",
"2013-01-24 19:39:07.880-06", "2013-01-24 19:39:07.880Z"))
#> [1] "2013-01-25 01:39:07.88 UTC" "2013-01-24 19:39:07.88 UTC"
#> [3] "2013-01-25 01:39:07.88 UTC" "2013-01-25 01:39:07.88 UTC"
#> [5] "2013-01-24 19:39:07.88 UTC"

## ** internationalization **
if (FALSE) {
x_RO <- "Ma 2012 august 14 11:28:30 "
  ymd_hms(x_RO, locale = "ro_RO.utf8")
}

## ** truncated time-dates **
x <- c("2011-12-31 12:59:59", "2010-01-01 12:11", "2010-01-01 12", "2010-01-01")
ymd_hms(x, truncated = 3)
#> [1] "2011-12-31 12:59:59 UTC" "2010-01-01 12:11:00 UTC"
#> [3] "2010-01-01 12:00:00 UTC" "2010-01-01 00:00:00 UTC"
x <- c("2011-12-31 12:59", "2010-01-01 12", "2010-01-01")
ymd_hm(x, truncated = 2)
#> [1] "2011-12-31 12:59:00 UTC" "2010-01-01 12:00:00 UTC"
#> [3] "2010-01-01 00:00:00 UTC"
## ** What lubridate might not handle **
## Extremely weird cases when one of the separators is "" and some of the
## formats are not in double digits might not be parsed correctly:
if (FALSE) {
ymd_hm("20100201 07-01", "20100201 07-1", "20100201 7-01")}